Aconitum napellus (European Aconite)

Traditional uses

Tradition unspecified

  • Analgesic
  • Heart
  • Nerves
  • Neuralgia
  • Poison
  • Sedative

China

  • Anesthetic

Dutch

  • Anodyne

Elsewhere

  • Anodyne
  • Antispasmodic
  • Neuralgia
  • Poison
  • Rheumatism

Europe

  • Cancer

Turkey

  • Diuretic

Italian

  • Narcotic

Spanish

  • Poison

UK

  • Poison(Arrow)
  • Poison

German

  • Sedative

English

  • Sudorific

Danish

  • Analgesic

French

  • Fever

Spain

  • Poison

US

  • Poison

Chemicals

Leaf

  • ACONITIC-ACID
  • HOMOISOACONITINE
  • PICRACONITINE
  • ALKALOIDS — 1200 to 9600
  • INOSITOL

Root

  • ACONITINE
  • BENZACONINE
  • EPHEDRINE
  • MALTOSE
  • MESACONITINE
  • NEOLINE
  • NEOPELLINE
  • SPARTEINE
  • SUCCINIC-ACID
  • ACONINE
  • ALKALOIDS — 2000 to 15000
  • FRUCTOSE
  • HYPACONITINE
  • MANNITOL
  • NAPELLINE
  • STARCH — 250000
  • ACONOSINE
  • HOKBUSINE-A
  • MALONIC-ACID
  • MELIBIOSE
  • N-DETHYLACONITINE
  • SENBUSINE-A
  • SENBUSINE-C
  • SONGORAMINE
  • 14-ACETYLNEOLINE
  • 1,14-DIACETYLNEOLINE
  • 12-EPIACETYLDEHYDRONAPELLINE
  • 12-EPIDEHYDRONAPELLINE

Plant

  • CAFFEIC-ACID
  • CITRIC-ACID
  • ISONAPELLINE
  • LUCICULINE
  • MALIC-ACID
  • MELLOBIOSE
  • PICRANOTINE
  • PYRRILIDONCARBONIC-ACID
  • QUINIC-ACID
  • ISOCITRIC-ACID
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  • ITACONITIC-ACID
  • OXALIC-ACID
  • PSEUDACONITINE

Shoot

  • NAPELLONINE

Activities

  1. Pesticide — 16 compounds; ACONINE, ACONITINE, BENZACONINE, CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE, HYPACONITINE, MALIC-ACID, MANNITOL, MESACONITINE, NAPELLINE, NEOLINE, NEOPELLINE, OXALIC-ACID, SPARTEINE, SUCCINIC-ACID
  2. Insecticide — 10 compounds; ACONINE, ACONITINE, BENZACONINE, EPHEDRINE, HYPACONITINE, MESACONITINE, NAPELLINE, NEOLINE, NEOPELLINE, SPARTEINE
  3. Antiinflammatory — 8 compounds; ACONITINE, CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE, HYPACONITINE, MANNITOL, MESACONITINE, SPARTEINE
  4. Analgesic — 7 compounds; ACONINE, ACONITINE, CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, HYPACONITINE, MANNITOL, MESACONITINE
  5. Allergenic — 5 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE, MANNITOL
  6. Antiseptic — 5 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID, OXALIC-ACID
  7. Diuretic — 5 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE, MANNITOL, SPARTEINE
  8. Sweetener — 5 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, FRUCTOSE, INOSITOL, MALTOSE, MANNITOL
  9. Antibacterial — 4 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  10. Antihistaminic — 4 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE, MESACONITINE
  11. Antimutagenic — 4 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, MANNITOL
  12. Antioxidant — 4 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, MANNITOL, SPARTEINE
  13. Antitumor — 4 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  14. Anesthetic — 3 compounds; ACONINE, ACONITINE, EPHEDRINE
  15. Antiatherosclerotic — 3 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  16. Antidiabetic — 3 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, FRUCTOSE, MALTOSE
  17. Antiherpetic — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE
  18. Antiperoxidant — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, SPARTEINE
  19. Antiradicular — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, MANNITOL
  20. Antiviral — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE
  21. Cancer-Preventive — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, SUCCINIC-ACID
  22. Choleretic — 3 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID, QUINIC-ACID
  23. Emetic — 3 compounds; ACONITINE, MANNITOL, MESACONITINE
  24. Irritant — 3 compounds; toxic activity; CITRIC-ACID, MALONIC-ACID, OXALIC-ACID
  25. Mydriatic — 3 compounds; ACONITINE, EPHEDRINE, MESACONITINE
  26. Sialogogue — 3 compounds; ACONITINE, MALIC-ACID, MESACONITINE
  27. Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  28. Anticarcinogenic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  29. Antiedemic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE
  30. Antifeedant — 2 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, SUCCINIC-ACID
  31. Antigonadotropic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  32. Antihemolytic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  33. Antihepatotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  34. AntiHIV — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  35. Antihypercholesterolemic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  36. Antihyperthyroid — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  37. AntiLegionella — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  38. Antileukemic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, MESACONITINE
  39. Antileukotriene — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  40. Antimelanogenic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  41. Antinitrosaminic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  42. Antioxidant Synergist — 2 compounds; CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  43. Antipyretic — 2 compounds; ACONINE, ACONITINE
  44. Antiseborrheic — 2 compounds; CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  45. Antispasmodic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, MANNITOL
  46. Antisunburn — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  47. Antithyroid — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  48. Antitubercular — 2 compounds; CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  49. Antitumor (Skin) — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  50. Antitumor-Promoter — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  51. Bradycardic — 2 compounds; ACONITINE, SPARTEINE
  52. Bruchiphobe — 2 compounds; MALIC-ACID, SUCCINIC-ACID
  53. Calcium-Antagonist — 2 compounds; ACONITINE, CAFFEIC-ACID
  54. Cardiactive — 2 compounds; NAPELLINE, PSEUDACONITINE
  55. Cardiotonic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; ACONITINE, EPHEDRINE
  56. Chemopreventive — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  57. Cholagogue — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  58. Clastogenic — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  59. CNS-Active — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  60. CNS-Stimulant — 2 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, EPHEDRINE
  61. Collagen-Sparing — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  62. Fungicide — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  63. Hepatoprotective — 2 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  64. Histamine-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  65. Hypoglycemic — 2 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID, SPARTEINE
  66. Hypotensive — 2 compounds; ACONITINE, NAPELLINE
  67. Immunostimulant — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  68. Insectifuge — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  69. Laxative — 2 compounds; FRUCTOSE, MANNITOL
  70. Laxative? — 2 compounds; CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  71. Leukotriene-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  72. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  73. Metal-Chelator — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  74. Mycobactericide — 2 compounds; CITRIC-ACID, MALIC-ACID
  75. Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  76. Paralytic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; ACONITINE, MESACONITINE
  77. Perfumery — 2 compounds; ACONITIC-ACID, SUCCINIC-ACID
  78. Respiradepressant — 2 compounds; PSEUDACONITINE, SPARTEINE
  79. Sunscreen — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  80. Uterocontractant — 2 compounds; EPHEDRINE, SPARTEINE
  81. Vulnerary — 2 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID, CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  82. (+)-Inotropic — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  83. Abortifacient — 1 compounds; toxic activity; SPARTEINE
  84. Absorbent — 1 compounds; STARCH
  85. Acaricide — 1 compounds; OXALIC-ACID
  86. Additive — 1 compounds; SUCCINIC-ACID
  87. Adrenergic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  88. Allelochemic — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  89. Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  90. Anthelmintic — 1 compounds; MANNITOL
  91. Antiadenoviral — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  92. Antiaggregant — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  93. Antiaging — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  94. Antialcoholic — 1 compounds; FRUCTOSE
  95. Antiallergic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  96. Antialopecic — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  97. Antianaphylactic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  98. Antiaphthic — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  99. Antiappetant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  100. Antiarachidonate — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  101. Antiarrhythmic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  102. Antiasthmatic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  103. Antiatherogenic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  104. Antibronchitic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  105. Anticalculic — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  106. Anticancer — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  107. Anticancer (Colon) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  108. Anticancer (Forestomach) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  109. Anticancer (Liver) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  110. Anticancer (Skin) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  111. Anticholinesterase — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  112. Anticirrhotic — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  113. Anticoagulant — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  114. Antidepressant — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  115. Antidiabetic? — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  116. Antidote (Iodine) — 1 compounds; STARCH
  117. AntiEBV — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  118. Antielastase — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  119. Antiemphysemic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  120. Antienuretic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  121. Antiepileptic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  122. Antiescherichic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  123. Antifibromyalgic — 1 compounds; MALIC-ACID
  124. Antiflu — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  125. Antiganglionic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  126. Antigenotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  127. Antiglaucomic — 1 compounds; MANNITOL
  128. Antihangover — 1 compounds; FRUCTOSE
  129. Antihepatoadenomic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  130. Antihiccup — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  131. Antiketotic — 1 compounds; FRUCTOSE
  132. Antileishmanic — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  133. Antimyasthenic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  134. Antinarcoleptic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  135. Antinauseant — 1 compounds; FRUCTOSE
  136. Antinephritic — 1 compounds; MANNITOL
  137. Antinesidioblastosic — 1 compounds; STARCH
  138. Antineuralgic — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  139. Antineuropathic? — 1 compounds; toxic activity; INOSITOL
  140. Antinociceptive — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  141. Antiophidic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  142. Antipolio — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  143. Antiproliferant — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  144. Antiprostaglandin — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  145. AntiReye's — 1 compounds; MANNITOL
  146. Antirhinitic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  147. Antisinusitic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  148. Antistaphylococcic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  149. Antistomatitic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  150. Antisyncopic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  151. Antitachycardic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  152. Antithiamin — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  153. Antitumor (Colon) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  154. Antitumor (Forestomach) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  155. Antitumor (Liver) — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  156. Antitussive — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  157. Antiulcer — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  158. Antiulcerogenic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  159. Antivaccinia — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  160. Anxiolytic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  161. Arrhythmigenic — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  162. Autotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  163. Bacteristat — 1 compounds; MALIC-ACID
  164. Bronchodilator — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  165. Bronchorelaxant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  166. Carcinogenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  167. Cardiodepressant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; SPARTEINE
  168. Cardioprotective — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  169. Cardiotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ACONITINE
  170. Cathartic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  171. Cerebrostimulant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  172. Cholesterolytic — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  173. CNS-Paralytic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; OXALIC-ACID
  174. Co-carcinogenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  175. Controlled — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  176. COX-2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  177. Curaroid — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  178. Cytoprotective — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  179. Cytotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  180. Decongestant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  181. Dermal — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  182. Dermatitigenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; EPHEDRINE
  183. Diaphoretic — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  184. Disinfectant — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  185. DNA-Active — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  186. DNA-Protective — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  187. Dye — 1 compounds; SUCCINIC-ACID
  188. Emollient — 1 compounds; STARCH
  189. Fatal — 1 compounds; OXALIC-ACID
  190. Flatugenic — 1 compounds; MANNITOL
  191. FLavor — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  192. Gastric-Anesthetic — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  193. Hallucinogenic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  194. Hemopoietic — 1 compounds; MALIC-ACID
  195. Hemostat — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  196. Hemostatic — 1 compounds; OXALIC-ACID
  197. Hepatocarcinogenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  198. Hepatotropic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CAFFEIC-ACID
  199. Hypertensive — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  200. Immunomodulator — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  201. Interferonogenic — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  202. Juvabional — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  203. Larvistat — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  204. Lipotropic — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  205. Litholytic — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  206. Lyase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  207. Molluscicide — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  208. Myocardiotonic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; EPHEDRINE
  209. Myorelaxant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  210. Neoplastic — 1 compounds; FRUCTOSE
  211. Nephrotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MANNITOL
  212. NO-Genic — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  213. Odontolytic — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  214. Oviposition-Stimulant — 1 compounds; CHLOROGENIC-ACID
  215. Oxytocic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  216. Pediculicide — 1 compounds; ACONITINE
  217. Poultice — 1 compounds; STARCH
  218. Prooxidant — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  219. Prostaglandigenic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  220. Purgative — 1 compounds; MESACONITINE
  221. Refrigerant — 1 compounds; CITRIC-ACID
  222. Renotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; OXALIC-ACID
  223. Respirainhibitor — 1 compounds; MESACONITINE
  224. Respiraparalytic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ACONITINE
  225. Respirastimulant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  226. RNA-Stimulant — 1 compounds; MESACONITINE
  227. Sedative — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  228. Stimulant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  229. Sympathomimetic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  230. Tachycardiagenic — 1 compounds; SPARTEINE
  231. Tachycardic — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  232. Toxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ACONITINE
  233. Tracheorelaxant — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  234. Tumorigenic — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID
  235. Ubiquiot — 1 compounds; INOSITOL
  236. Varroacide — 1 compounds; OXALIC-ACID
  237. Vasoconstrictor — 1 compounds; EPHEDRINE
  238. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CAFFEIC-ACID

Toxic compounds

  • ACONITINE — Cardiotonic; Root
  • ACONITINE — Cardiotoxic; Root
  • ACONITINE — Paralytic; Root; 400-500 ppb
  • ACONITINE — Respiraparalytic; Root
  • ACONITINE — Toxic; Root
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Allergenic; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Anticarcinogenic; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Antihepatoadenomic; Plant; 200 ppm diet orl mus
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Antimutagenic; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Carcinogenic; Plant; 2% (diet)
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Co-carcinogenic; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Cytotoxic; Plant; TC50=200 ug/ml
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Hepatocarcinogenic; Plant; 400 ppm diet orl mus (in the absence of alcohol)
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Hepatoprotective; Plant
  • CAFFEIC-ACID — Hepatotropic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Allergenic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Anticarcinogenic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Antigenotoxic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Antimutagenic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Autotoxic; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Cardioprotective; Plant
  • CHLOROGENIC-ACID — Hepatoprotective; Plant
  • CITRIC-ACID — Allergenic; Plant
  • CITRIC-ACID — Antimutagenic; Plant
  • CITRIC-ACID — Irritant; Plant
  • EPHEDRINE — Allergenic; Root
  • EPHEDRINE — Cardiotonic; Root; 1 mg/kg ivn rat
  • EPHEDRINE — Dermatitigenic; Root
  • EPHEDRINE — Myocardiotonic; Root
  • INOSITOL — Antineuropathic?; Leaf; 2 g/day
  • MALONIC-ACID — Irritant; Root
  • MANNITOL — Allergenic; Root
  • MANNITOL — Antimutagenic; Root
  • MANNITOL — Nephrotoxic; Root
  • MESACONITINE — Paralytic; Root
  • OXALIC-ACID — CNS-Paralytic; Plant
  • OXALIC-ACID — Irritant; Plant
  • OXALIC-ACID — Renotoxic; Plant
  • SPARTEINE — Abortifacient; Root
  • SPARTEINE — Cardiodepressant; Root; 5 mg/kg ivn rbt