Anemarrhena asphodeloides (Chih-Mu)

Traditional uses

Japan*

  • Antiphlogistic
  • Diuretic
  • Sedative
  • Febrifuge

Chinese

  • Antipyretic

Elsewhere

  • Cancer
  • Hyperglycemia

China

  • Eruption
  • Expectorant
  • Fever
  • Laxative
  • Refrigerant
  • Sweating
  • Thirst
  • Vertigo
  • Cough
  • Diuretic
  • Dysuria
  • Ejaculation
  • Lenitive
  • Lumbago
  • Tinnitus

Chemicals

Rhizome

  • ARSENIC — 0.14
  • ASPHOGENIN
  • CHIMONIN
  • COPPER — 5 to 9
  • MAGNESIUM — 1130 to 1200
  • MARKOGENIN-3-O-TIMOBIOSIDE
  • NEOGITOGENIN
  • PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  • POTASSIUM — 5360 to 10100
  • SARSASAPOGENIN-3-O-BETA-GALACTOSIDE
  • SARSASAPOGENIN-3-O-BETA-SOPHOROSIDE
  • SODIUM — 52 to 289
  • TIMOSAPONIN-A-I
  • TIMOSAPONIN-A-II
  • TIMOSAPONIN-A-III
  • TIMOSAPONIN-B-I
  • TIMOSAPONIN-B-II
  • ZINC — 19 to 27
  • CALCIUM — 10900 to 11600
  • MARKOGENIN
  • NICOTINAMIDE
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  • ANEMARAN-A
  • ASPHONIN — 6000
  • IRON — 90 to 1400
  • MANGIFERIN — 1200 to 12600
  • NICOTINIC-ACID
  • SARSASAPOGENIN
  • SARSASAPOGENIN-3-O-BETA-TIMOBIOSIDE
  • TIMOSAPONIN-A-IV
  • SARSASAPOGENIN-3-O-BETA-GLUCOSIDE
  • SAPONINS — 60000
  • XANTHONE — 13000
  • MANGANESE — 10 to 40
  • ANEMARAN-B
  • ANEMARAN-C
  • ANEMARAN-D
  • ANEMARANS
  • ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-I
  • ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-IA
  • ANEMARSAPONIN-A1
  • ANEMARSAPONIN-A2
  • ANEMARSAPONIN-B
  • ANEMARSAPONIN-F
  • ANEMARSAPONIN-G
  • LILAGENIN-3-O-BETA-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-->2)-[BETA-XYLOPYRANOSYL-(1-->3)]-BETA-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-->4)-BETA-GALACTOPYRANOSID
  • MANGIFERIN-7-O-BETA-GLUCOSIDE
  • NEOGITOGENIN-3-O-BETA-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-->2)[BETA-XYLOPYRANOSYL-(1-->3)]-BETA-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-->4)-BETA-GALACTOPYRANOS
  • 26-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLFUROST-20(22)-ENE-3-BETA,26-DIOL-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL(1---2)-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE
  • NYASOL
  • TIMOSAPONIN-B
  • TIMOSAPONIN-B-III
  • 2,6,4'-TRIHYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE

Plant

  • ISOMANGIFERIN
  • CIS-HINOKIRESINOL
  • (Z)-1,3-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4-PENTADIENE

Activities

  1. Antiaggregant — 7 compounds; ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-I, ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-IA, MAGNESIUM, TIMOSAPONIN-A-III, TIMOSAPONIN-B-I, TIMOSAPONIN-B-II, TIMOSAPONIN-B-III
  2. Antiarthritic — 6 compounds; CALCIUM, COPPER, MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, PANTOTHENIC-ACID, ZINC
  3. Antidiabetic — 6 compounds; COPPER, MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, MANGIFERIN, MANGIFERIN-7-O-BETA-GLUCOSIDE, ZINC
  4. Antithrombotic — 6 compounds; ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-I, ANEMARRHENASAPONIN-IA, TIMOSAPONIN-A-III, TIMOSAPONIN-B-I, TIMOSAPONIN-B-II, TIMOSAPONIN-B-III
  5. Antiosteoporotic — 5 compounds; CALCIUM, COPPER, MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, ZINC
  6. Pesticide — 5 compounds; ARSENIC, CIS-HINOKIRESINOL, MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID, ZINC
  7. Antiarrhythmic — 4 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  8. Antifatigue — 4 compounds; COPPER, MAGNESIUM, PANTOTHENIC-ACID, POTASSIUM
  9. Antiinflammatory — 4 compounds; COPPER, MAGNESIUM, MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  10. Antispasmodic — 4 compounds; MAGNESIUM, MANGIFERIN, POTASSIUM, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  11. Cardioprotective — 4 compounds; toxic activity; COPPER, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  12. Diuretic — 4 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, MANGIFERIN, POTASSIUM
  13. Hypocholesterolemic — 4 compounds; CALCIUM, COPPER, MAGNESIUM, NICOTINIC-ACID
  14. Hypotensive — 4 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM, ZINC
  15. Immunomodulator — 4 compounds; COPPER, MAGNESIUM, SAPONINS, ZINC
  16. Antialcoholic — 3 compounds; MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, ZINC
  17. Antianemic — 3 compounds; COPPER, IRON, MANGANESE
  18. Antibacterial — 3 compounds; (Z)-1,3-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4-PENTADIENE, NYASOL, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  19. Antidepressant — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM
  20. Antiepileptic — 3 compounds; MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, ZINC
  21. Antihypertensive — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM
  22. Antiinsomniac — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, ZINC
  23. Antioxidant — 3 compounds; MANGANESE, MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  24. AntiPMS — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE
  25. Antisyndrome-X — 3 compounds; MAGNESIUM, MANGANESE, ZINC
  26. Anxiolytic — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM
  27. Fungicide — 3 compounds; (Z)-1,3-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4-PENTADIENE, NYASOL, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  28. Immunostimulant — 3 compounds; MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID, ZINC
  29. Vasodilator — 3 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM
  30. Antiallergic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  31. Antianxiety — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  32. Antiasthmatic — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  33. Antiatherosclerotic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  34. Anticanker — 2 compounds; IRON, ZINC
  35. Anticephalagic — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  36. Anticlimacteric — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  37. Anticoronary — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, ZINC
  38. AntiCrohn's — 2 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID, ZINC
  39. Antidermatitic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; MANGIFERIN, PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  40. Antifibrotic — 2 compounds; MANGIFERIN, ZINC
  41. Antihepatotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  42. Antiherpetic — 2 compounds; MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  43. Antihyperkinetic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  44. Antimenopausal — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  45. Antimicrobial — 2 compounds; (Z)-1,3-BIS(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,4-PENTADIENE, NYASOL
  46. Antimutagenic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID, SAPONINS
  47. Antiobesity — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, ZINC
  48. Antiperiodontitic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, ZINC
  49. Antiplaque — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, ZINC
  50. Antirheumatic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, ZINC
  51. Antiseptic — 2 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID, ZINC
  52. Antistress — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  53. Antistroke — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, POTASSIUM
  54. Antitussive — 2 compounds; ISOMANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  55. Antiviral — 2 compounds; MANGIFERIN, PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  56. Cancer-Preventive — 2 compounds; NICOTINAMIDE, PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  57. Choleretic — 2 compounds; MANGIFERIN, NICOTINIC-ACID
  58. Hypoglycemic — 2 compounds; MANGANESE, NICOTINIC-ACID
  59. Insulinogenic — 2 compounds; MAGNESIUM, ZINC
  60. Laxative — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  61. PAF-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; 26-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYLFUROST-20(22)-ENE-3-BETA,26-DIOL-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL(1---2)-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE, ANEMARSAPONIN-B
  62. Testosterone-5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; 2,6,4'-TRIHYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZOPHENONE, CIS-HINOKIRESINOL
  63. Tranquilizer — 2 compounds; CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM
  64. ACE-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; ZINC
  65. Allergenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  66. Alpha-Glucosidase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  67. Analgesic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  68. Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker — 1 compounds; POTASSIUM
  69. Anorexic — 1 compounds; ARSENIC
  70. Antiacne — 1 compounds; ZINC
  71. Antiacrodermatitic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ZINC
  72. Antiakathisic — 1 compounds; IRON
  73. Antialopecic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  74. Antialzheimeran — 1 compounds; ZINC
  75. Antianginal — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  76. Antiangiogenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  77. Antianorectic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  78. Antianorexic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  79. AntiBPH — 1 compounds; ZINC
  80. Anticataract — 1 compounds; ZINC
  81. AntiCFS — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  82. Anticheilitic — 1 compounds; IRON
  83. Antichilblain — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  84. Anticlastogen — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  85. Anticlaudificant? — 1 compounds; PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  86. Anticoeliac — 1 compounds; ZINC
  87. Anticold — 1 compounds; ZINC
  88. Anticolitic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  89. Anticonvulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MAGNESIUM
  90. Antidandruff — 1 compounds; ZINC
  91. Antidementia — 1 compounds; ZINC
  92. Antidiscotic — 1 compounds; MANGANESE
  93. Antidote (Aluminum) — 1 compounds; CALCIUM
  94. Antidote (Cadmium) — 1 compounds; ZINC
  95. Antidote (Lead) — 1 compounds; CALCIUM
  96. Antidote (pesticides) — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  97. Antidysgeuzic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  98. Antidyskinetic — 1 compounds; MANGANESE
  99. Antidysmenorrheic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  100. Antieczemic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  101. Antiencephalopathic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  102. Antiendometriotic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  103. Antienterotic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  104. Antifibromyalgic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  105. Antifuruncular — 1 compounds; ZINC
  106. Antigastrotic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  107. Antiglaucomic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  108. Antihangover — 1 compounds; ZINC
  109. Antihepatomic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; SAPONINS
  110. Antihepatotic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MANGIFERIN
  111. Antiherpetic? — 1 compounds; ZINC
  112. AntiHIV — 1 compounds; ZINC
  113. Antihypercholesterolemic — 1 compounds; PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  114. Antihypoglycemic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  115. Antiielus? — 1 compounds; PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  116. Antiimpotence — 1 compounds; ZINC
  117. Antiinfective — 1 compounds; ZINC
  118. Antiinfertility — 1 compounds; ZINC
  119. Antiinsomniac? — 1 compounds; PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  120. Antiischemic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  121. AntiLegionella — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  122. Antilepric — 1 compounds; ZINC
  123. Antileukemic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  124. Antileukonychic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  125. Antilithic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  126. AntiLyme — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  127. Antilymphomic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  128. Antimaculitic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  129. Antimalarial — 1 compounds; NYASOL
  130. Antimastalgic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  131. Antimelanogenic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  132. Antimenorrhagic — 1 compounds; IRON
  133. Antimetastatic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  134. Antimigraine — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  135. Antimitral-valve-prolapse — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  136. AntiMS — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  137. Antinephrolytic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MAGNESIUM
  138. Antineuropathic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ZINC
  139. Antineurotic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MAGNESIUM
  140. Antinociceptive — 1 compounds; COPPER
  141. Antinyctalopic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  142. Antiophidic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  143. Antiototic — 1 compounds; MANGANESE
  144. Antiperoxidant — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  145. Antiplasmodial — 1 compounds; NYASOL
  146. Antiprolactin — 1 compounds; ZINC
  147. Antiprostatitic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  148. Antiradicular — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  149. AntiRaynaud's — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  150. Antiretinopathic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  151. Antirheumatitic? — 1 compounds; PANTOTHENIC-ACID
  152. Antischizophrenic — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  153. Antispare-Tire — 1 compounds; ZINC
  154. Antispasmophilic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  155. Antistomatitic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  156. Antithyrotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; NICOTINIC-ACID
  157. Antitic — 1 compounds; CALCIUM
  158. Antitinnitic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  159. Antitriglyceride — 1 compounds; ZINC
  160. Antitumor (Colon) — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  161. Antitumor (Lung) — 1 compounds; SAPONINS
  162. Antitumor (Mouth) — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  163. Antitumor (Ovary) — 1 compounds; SAPONINS
  164. Antitumor (Skin) — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  165. Antiulcer — 1 compounds; ZINC
  166. Antiviral? — 1 compounds; ZINC
  167. Apoptotic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  168. Astringent — 1 compounds; ZINC
  169. Beta-Blocker — 1 compounds; POTASSIUM
  170. c-AMP-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CIS-HINOKIRESINOL
  171. Calcium-Antagonist — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  172. Calcium-Channel-Blocker — 1 compounds; CALCIUM
  173. Candidicide — 1 compounds; NYASOL
  174. Carcinogenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  175. Cardiotonic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MANGIFERIN
  176. Cardiotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; POTASSIUM
  177. Chemopreventive — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  178. CNS-Depressant — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  179. CNS-Stimulant — 1 compounds; MANGIFERIN
  180. Collagenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  181. Contraceptive — 1 compounds; COPPER
  182. Copper-Antagonist — 1 compounds; ZINC
  183. Deodorant — 1 compounds; ZINC
  184. Depressant — 1 compounds; NICOTINAMIDE
  185. Detoxicant (Alcohol) — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ZINC
  186. Ergogenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  187. Expectorant — 1 compounds; ISOMANGIFERIN
  188. Glutathione-Depleting — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  189. Hepatotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  190. Hypertensive — 1 compounds; SODIUM
  191. Hypothermic — 1 compounds; ASPHONIN
  192. Immunosuppressant — 1 compounds; ZINC
  193. Insecticide-Synergist — 1 compounds; CIS-HINOKIRESINOL
  194. Insulinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  195. Insulinotonic — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  196. Leptingenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  197. Lipolytic — 1 compounds; NICOTINIC-ACID
  198. Litholytic — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  199. MAO-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; MANGIFERIN
  200. Mucogenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  201. Myorelaxant — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  202. Nephrotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  203. Neurotransmitter — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MAGNESIUM
  204. NF-kB-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; ZINC
  205. Phagocytotic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  206. Prooxidant — 1 compounds; IRON
  207. Prostaglandigenic — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  208. Schizophrenigenic — 1 compounds; COPPER
  209. Secretogogue — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  210. Spermigenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  211. T-Cell-Stimulant — 1 compounds; MANGIFERIN
  212. Testosteronigenic — 1 compounds; ZINC
  213. Trichomonicide — 1 compounds; ZINC
  214. Tyrosinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  215. Ubiquiot — 1 compounds; PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID
  216. Uterorelaxant — 1 compounds; MAGNESIUM
  217. Vulnerary — 1 compounds; ZINC

Toxic compounds

  • COPPER — Cardioprotective; Rhizome
  • MAGNESIUM — Anticonvulsant; Rhizome
  • MAGNESIUM — Antinephrolytic; Rhizome
  • MAGNESIUM — Antineurotic; Rhizome
  • MAGNESIUM — Cardioprotective; Rhizome
  • MAGNESIUM — Neurotransmitter; Rhizome
  • MANGIFERIN — Antidermatitic; Rhizome
  • MANGIFERIN — Antihepatotic; Rhizome
  • MANGIFERIN — Antihepatotoxic; Rhizome
  • MANGIFERIN — Cardiotonic; Rhizome
  • NICOTINIC-ACID — Antithyrotoxic; Rhizome
  • PANTOTHENIC-ACID — Antidermatitic; Rhizome
  • POTASSIUM — Cardioprotective; Rhizome; 3,000-5,000 mg
  • POTASSIUM — Cardiotoxic; Rhizome; 18,000 mg/man/day
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Allergenic; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Antihepatotoxic; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Antimutagenic; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Carcinogenic; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Cardioprotective; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Hepatotoxic; Rhizome
  • PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID — Nephrotoxic; Rhizome
  • SAPONINS — Antihepatomic; Rhizome
  • SAPONINS — Antimutagenic; Rhizome
  • ZINC — Antiacrodermatitic; Rhizome; 8-34 mg/day/orl/chd
  • ZINC — Antineuropathic; Rhizome
  • ZINC — Detoxicant (Alcohol); Rhizome