Frangula alnus (Buckthorn)

Traditional uses

Europe

• Depurative
• Purgative
• Poison

Turkey

• Laxative
• Piles
• Purgative
• Tonic
• Emmenagogue
• Liver

Spain

• Purgative

Chemicals

Plant

• ALOE-EMODIN
• ARACHIDIC-ACID
• DESOXYBARBALOIN
• EMODIN-1-GLUCOSIDE
• EMODIN-8-GLUCOSIDE
• FRANGANINE
• FRANGUFOLINE
• FRANGULANINE-B
• FRANGULIN-A
• FRANGULAROSIDE
• GALLO-TANNIN
• GLUCOFRANGULIN-B
• JESTERINE
• 1-MONOGLUCOSIDEMODIN
• RHAMNINASE
• ALOIN
• RHAMNOL
• AMYGDALIN
• FRANGULIN-B
• GLUCOFRANGULIN-A
• HELICIN
• CATECHIN

Bark

• ANTHRAQUINONES — 30000 to 70000
• ANTHRONE-GLYCOSIDE
• ARMEPAVINE
• CHRYSOPHANOL
• EMODIN
• EMODIN-DIANTHRONE
• GLUCOFRANBGULOSIDES
• PHYSCION
• TANNIN
• ANTHRONE
• BARBALOIN
• 1,8-DIHYDRO-2-ACETYL-NAPHTHALENE
• EMODIN-8-O-BETA-GENTIOBIOSIDE
• PALMIDIN-C

Fruit

• BETA-CAROTENE
• TOCOPHEROL — 200
• PALMIDIN-B

Seed

• KAEMPFEROL
• ROBININ

Activities

1. Pesticide — 12 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, ALOIN, BARBALOIN, CATECHIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, EMODIN, EMODIN-8-GLUCOSIDE, FRANGUFOLINE, KAEMPFEROL, PHYSCION, ROBININ, TANNIN
2. Antibacterial — 8 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, BARBALOIN, CATECHIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN
3. Cancer-Preventive — 7 compounds; AMYGDALIN, BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
4. Antioxidant — 6 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
5. Antiradicular — 6 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
6. Antiviral — 6 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, ALOIN, CATECHIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
7. Purgative — 6 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, ALOIN, BARBALOIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, EMODIN, PHYSCION
8. Antiaggregant — 5 compounds; CATECHIN, EMODIN, FRANGULIN-B, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
9. Antiherpetic — 5 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, ALOIN, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
10. Antiinflammatory — 5 compounds; AMYGDALIN, CATECHIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
11. Antileukemic — 5 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CATECHIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
12. Antimutagenic — 5 compounds; toxic activity; BETA-CAROTENE, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN
13. Antiseptic — 5 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, PHYSCION
14. Antitumor — 5 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, BETA-CAROTENE, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
15. Antiulcer — 5 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
16. Anticancer — 4 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN
17. Antispasmodic — 4 compounds; AMYGDALIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
18. Antitumor-Promoter — 4 compounds; ARMEPAVINE, KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ, TANNIN
19. Calcium-Antagonist — 4 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, PHYSCION, TOCOPHEROL
20. Carcinogenic — 4 compounds; toxic activity; ANTHRAQUINONES, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
21. Cathartic — 4 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CHRYSOPHANOL, EMODIN, PHYSCION
22. Fungicide — 4 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CATECHIN, FRANGUFOLINE, KAEMPFEROL
23. Hepatoprotective — 4 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
24. Immunostimulant — 4 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, EMODIN, TOCOPHEROL
25. Laxative — 4 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, ALOIN, ANTHRAQUINONES, BARBALOIN
26. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 4 compounds; CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
27. Allergenic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; BETA-CAROTENE, EMODIN, TOCOPHEROL
28. Antiarthritic — 3 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN, TOCOPHEROL
29. Anticariogenic — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
30. Antihistaminic — 3 compounds; BARBALOIN, CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL
31. Antiplaque — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
32. Antiproliferant — 3 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, EMODIN, TOCOPHEROL
33. Antitumor (Breast) — 3 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, EMODIN, TOCOPHEROL
34. COX-2-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
35. Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
36. Cytotoxic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; ALOE-EMODIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
37. Estrogenic — 3 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
38. Mutagenic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; ALOE-EMODIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
39. NO-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
40. Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
41. Vasodilator — 3 compounds; EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
42. Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
43. Antiaging — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
44. Anticoronary — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
45. Antifeedant — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, EMODIN
46. Antifertility — 2 compounds; ALOIN, KAEMPFEROL
47. Antihepatotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN, TANNIN
48. Antilipoperoxidant — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN
49. Antilithic — 2 compounds; ANTHRAQUINONES, TOCOPHEROL
50. Antilupus — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
51. Antimaculitic — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
52. AntiPMS — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
53. Antirheumatic — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
54. Antistaphylococcic — 2 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
55. Antitumor (Prostate) — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
56. Antitumor (Stomach) — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, TOCOPHEROL
57. Apoptotic — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TOCOPHEROL
58. Candidicide — 2 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CHRYSOPHANOL
59. COX-1-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE, CATECHIN
60. Diuretic — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, ROBININ
61. Genotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; ALOE-EMODIN, EMODIN
62. Hemostat — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, CHRYSOPHANOL
63. Hypocholesterolemic — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, TOCOPHEROL
64. Immunosuppressant — 2 compounds; EMODIN, TANNIN
65. iNOS-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; EMODIN, KAEMPFEROL
66. MAO-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
67. Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; TANNIN, TOCOPHEROL
68. Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; EMODIN, TOCOPHEROL
69. Termitifuge — 2 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN, CHRYSOPHANOL
70. Toxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; AMYGDALIN, ANTHRAQUINONES
71. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, TANNIN
72. (-)-Bactericide — 1 compounds; FRANGUFOLINE
73. 11B-HSD-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
74. 5-HETE-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
75. 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
76. AGEs-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
77. Allelochemic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
78. Allergenic? — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ALOIN
79. Analgesic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
80. Androgenic? — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
81. Anthelmintic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
82. Antiacne — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
83. Antiaflatoxin — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
84. Antialcoholic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
85. Antiallergic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
86. Antialzheimeran — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
87. Antianginal — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
88. Antiangiogenic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
89. Antiarteriosclerotic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
90. Antiasthmatic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
91. Antiatherosclerotic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
92. Antiazotemic — 1 compounds; ROBININ
93. Antibronchitic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
94. Anticancer (Breast) — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
95. Anticarcinomic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; BETA-CAROTENE
96. Anticataract — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
97. Anticervicaldysplasic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
98. Antichorea — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
99. Antichoreic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
100. Anticonvulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TOCOPHEROL
101. Anticytomegalovirus — 1 compounds; EMODIN
102. Antidecubitic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
103. Antidementia — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
104. Antidermatitic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TOCOPHEROL
105. Antidiabetic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
106. Antidiarrheic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
107. Antidysenteric — 1 compounds; TANNIN
108. Antidysmenorrheic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
109. Antiedemic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
110. Antiendotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN
111. Antiepitheleomic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
112. Antifibrositic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
113. Antiflu — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
114. Antigingivitic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
115. Antiglycosation — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
116. Antihepatitic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
117. AntiHIV — 1 compounds; TANNIN
118. Antihyperkeratotic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
119. Antihyperlipidemic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
120. Antihypertensive — 1 compounds; TANNIN
121. Antiichythyotic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
122. Antiimplantation — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
123. Antiinfertility — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
124. Antiischemic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
125. Antileukoplakic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
126. Antileukotriene — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
127. Antilipolytic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
128. Antilymphocytic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
129. Antilymphomic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
130. Antimastalgic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
131. Antimastitic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
132. AntiMD — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
133. Antimelanomic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
134. AntiMRSA — 1 compounds; EMODIN
135. AntiMS — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
136. Antimyoclonic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
137. Antineoplastic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
138. Antinephritic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
139. Antineuritic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
140. Antineuropathic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TOCOPHEROL
141. Antinitrosaminic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
142. Antiophidic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
143. Antiophthalmic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
144. Antiosteoarthritic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
145. Antiosteotic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
146. Antiozenic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
147. Antipapillomic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
148. Antiparkinsonian — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
149. Antiperiodontal — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
150. Antiperiodontic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
151. Antiphotophobic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
152. Antipityriasic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
153. Antiporphyric — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
154. Antiprostaglandin — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
155. Antipsoriac — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
156. Antirenitic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
157. Antiretinopathic? — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
158. Antisalmonella — 1 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN
159. Antisarcomic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
160. Antisclerodermic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
161. Antisenility — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
162. Antiserotonin — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
163. Antisickling — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
164. Antispermatogenic — 1 compounds; ALOIN
165. Antisprout — 1 compounds; EMODIN
166. Antisterility — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
167. Antistress — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
168. Antistroke — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
169. Antisunburn — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
170. Antisyndrome-X — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
171. Antithalassemic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
172. Antithrombotic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
173. Antithromboxane-B2 — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
174. Antitoxemic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
175. Antitubercular — 1 compounds; BARBALOIN
176. Antitumor (CNS) — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
177. Antitumor (Colon) — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
178. Antitumor (Colorectal) — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
179. Antitumor (Lung) — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
180. Antitussive — 1 compounds; AMYGDALIN
181. Antiulcerogenic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
182. Antivaginitic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
183. Antixerophthalmic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
184. Aromatase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
185. Arylamine-N-Acetyltransferase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN
186. Astringent — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
187. Bird-Repellent — 1 compounds; ANTHRAQUINONES
188. Bitter — 1 compounds; AMYGDALIN
189. cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
190. Cardioactive — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ARMEPAVINE
191. Cardioprotective — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TOCOPHEROL
192. Cardiotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; GALLO-TANNIN
193. Cerebroprotective — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
194. Chelator — 1 compounds; TANNIN
195. Chemopreventive — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
196. Cholagogue — 1 compounds; ALOIN
197. Choleretic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
198. Circulatory-Stimulant — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
199. Circulotonic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
200. CNS-Depressant — 1 compounds; EMODIN
201. Collagenase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
202. Colorant — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
203. COMP-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
204. Convulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ARMEPAVINE
205. Copper-Chelator — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
206. Cyanogenic — 1 compounds; AMYGDALIN
207. Diaphoretic? — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
208. Differentiator — 1 compounds; EMODIN
209. Emetic — 1 compounds; ANTHRONE
210. Expectorant — 1 compounds; AMYGDALIN
211. Gastroprotective — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
212. Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TANNIN
213. Gonadotropic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
214. HIV-RT-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
215. Hypoglycemic — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
216. Hypolipidemic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
217. Hypotensive — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
218. Hypothermic — 1 compounds; ALOIN
219. ICAM-1-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
220. Immunomodulator — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
221. Inotropic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
222. Insulin-Sparing — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
223. Interferon-Synergist — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
224. Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
225. Irritant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; ARMEPAVINE
226. JNK-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
227. Leucocytogenic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
228. Litholytic — 1 compounds; ANTHRAQUINONES
229. MMP-2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
230. MMP-7-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
231. MMP-9-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
232. Mucogenic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
233. Natriuretic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
234. Neuroprotective — 1 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL
235. P21-Inducer — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
236. PAF-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
237. Peristaltic — 1 compounds; ALOIN
238. PGE2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
239. Phagocytotic — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
240. Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TOCOPHEROL
241. Pigment — 1 compounds; CHRYSOPHANOL
242. Prooxidant — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
243. Propecic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
244. Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
245. Protisticide — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
246. Psychotropic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
247. PTK-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
248. Quinone-Reductase-Inducer — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
249. Reverse-Transcriptase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; GALLO-TANNIN
250. Sedative — 1 compounds; FRANGUFOLINE
251. Spermistat — 1 compounds; EMODIN-8-GLUCOSIDE
252. Styptic — 1 compounds; EMODIN
253. Teratologic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL
254. Thymoprotective — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
255. TNF-alpha-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
256. Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
257. Trichomonicide — 1 compounds; EMODIN
258. Tuberculostatic — 1 compounds; ALOE-EMODIN
259. Tyrosinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
260. Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; EMODIN
261. Ubiquiot — 1 compounds; BETA-CAROTENE
262. Uricosuric — 1 compounds; ALOIN
263. Uterotrophic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
264. Vasorelaxant — 1 compounds; EMODIN

Toxic compounds

• ALOE-EMODIN — Cytotoxic; Plant; 20 ppm
• ALOE-EMODIN — Genotoxic; Plant
• ALOE-EMODIN — Mutagenic; Plant
• ALOIN — Allergenic?; Plant
• AMYGDALIN — Toxic; Plant
• ANTHRAQUINONES — Carcinogenic; Bark
• ANTHRAQUINONES — Toxic; Bark
• ARMEPAVINE — Cardioactive; Bark
• ARMEPAVINE — Convulsant; Bark
• ARMEPAVINE — Irritant; Bark
• BETA-CAROTENE — Allergenic; Fruit
• BETA-CAROTENE — Anticarcinomic; Fruit
• BETA-CAROTENE — Antimutagenic; Fruit
• CATECHIN — Antiendotoxic; Plant
• CATECHIN — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
• CATECHIN — Carcinogenic; Plant
• CATECHIN — Hepatoprotective; Plant
• EMODIN — Allergenic; Bark
• EMODIN — Antimutagenic; Bark
• EMODIN — Cytotoxic; Bark; CD50=2.6 ug/ml
• EMODIN — Genotoxic; Bark
• EMODIN — Mutagenic; Bark
• GALLO-TANNIN — Cardiotoxic; Plant
• KAEMPFEROL — Antimutagenic; Seed; ID50=10-40 nM
• KAEMPFEROL — Carcinogenic; Seed
• KAEMPFEROL — Cytotoxic; Seed
• KAEMPFEROL — Hepatoprotective; Seed; IC50=5.46 uM
• KAEMPFEROL — Mutagenic; Seed
• KAEMPFEROL — Neuroprotective; Seed
• KAEMPFEROL — Teratologic; Seed
• ROBININ — Antimutagenic; Seed; ID50=50-100 nM
• TANNIN — Antihepatotoxic; Bark
• TANNIN — Antimutagenic; Bark
• TANNIN — Carcinogenic; Bark
• TANNIN — Hepatoprotective; Bark
• TOCOPHEROL — Allergenic; Fruit
• TOCOPHEROL — Anticonvulsant; Fruit
• TOCOPHEROL — Antidermatitic; Fruit
• TOCOPHEROL — Antineuropathic; Fruit
• TOCOPHEROL — Cardioprotective; Fruit
• TOCOPHEROL — Hepatoprotective; Fruit