Polygonum aviculare (Prostrate Knotweed)
Traditional uses
Elsewhere
- Anodyne
- Antiseptic
- Astringent
- Bactericide
- Cathartic
- Diabetes
- Diarrhea
- Dysentery
- Emetic
- Fever
- Internulcer
- Piles
- Rheumatism
- Sore
- Tea
- Vermifuge
- Hemostat
- Laxative
- Tonic
- Cholagogue
- Menorrhagia
- Bronchitis
Austria
Europe
- Cancer
- Rheumatism
- Lung
- Piles
China
- Cold
- Diarrhea
- Diuretic
- Eczema
- Emollient
- Fever
- Jaundice
- Piles
- Pruritis
- Roundworms
- Stone
- Urogenital
- Vermifuge
- Dysuria
- Venereal
- Anus
- Chancroid
- Gonorrhea
- Hematuria
- Sore
- Astringent
- Vaginitis
Turkey
- Demulcent
- Diuretic
- Kidney
- Tonic
- Vulnerary
- Antiseptic
- Astringent
- Hemostat
- Malaria
Spain
USSR
Germany
Kurdistan
Iraq
Lesotho
Chemicals
Plant
- AVICULARIN
- CALCIUM-OXALATE
- DELPHINIDIN
- MYRICETIN
- POLYGONIC-ACID
- QUERCETIN-3-ARABINOSIDE
- QUERCITRIN
- RUTIN
- TANNIC-ACID
- HYPERIN
- QUERCETIN
- SALICYLIC-ACID
- CATECHIN
Root
- OXYMETHYLANTHRAQUINONE — 3500
Leaf
- OXYMETHYLANTHRAQUINONE — 1500
Stem
- OXYMETHYLANTHRAQUINONE — 2000
Activities
- Pesticide — 10 compounds; AVICULARIN, CATECHIN, DELPHINIDIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Antioxidant — 9 compounds; CATECHIN, DELPHINIDIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Antibacterial — 8 compounds; CATECHIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor — 7 compounds; AVICULARIN, HYPERIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Antiinflammatory — 7 compounds; CATECHIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiviral — 7 compounds; CATECHIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Cancer-Preventive — 7 compounds; CATECHIN, DELPHINIDIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antifeedant — 6 compounds; CATECHIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Allelochemic — 5 compounds; CATECHIN, DELPHINIDIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiherpetic — 5 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antimutagenic — 5 compounds; toxic activity; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antiulcer — 5 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Hemostat — 5 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antihepatotoxic — 4 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Antihistaminic — 4 compounds; CATECHIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiradicular — 4 compounds; CATECHIN, HYPERIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antitumor — 4 compounds; QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Diuretic — 4 compounds; AVICULARIN, HYPERIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCITRIN
- Hepatoprotective — 4 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN, HYPERIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Hypoglycemic — 4 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 4 compounds; CATECHIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Allergenic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; DELPHINIDIN, QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antiaggregant — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiarthritic — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Anticariogenic — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Anticataract — 3 compounds; QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Antiedemic — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Antiflu — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN
- AntiHIV — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antiplaque — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Antiseptic — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Antispasmodic — 3 compounds; QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Apoptotic — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Fungicide — 3 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Hypotensive — 3 compounds; HYPERIN, QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Larvistat — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Mutagenic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Vasodilator — 3 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Analgesic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiallergic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiatherosclerotic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Anticolitic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antidermatitic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antidermatotic — 2 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID, TANNIC-ACID
- Antidiabetic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiencephalitic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antigastric — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Antigingivitic — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antihemorrhoidal — 2 compounds; RUTIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antihypertensive — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antileukemic — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN
- Antilipoperoxidant — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN
- Antimalarial — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antimelanomic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antimetastatic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antinitrosaminic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antinociceptive — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antiperiodontal — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN
- Antiperoxidant — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antipharyngitic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antipolio — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Antiproliferant — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antipsoriac — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antipurpuric — 2 compounds; QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Antithrombogenic — 2 compounds; QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Antitrypanosomic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Antitumor-Promoter — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Astringent — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, TANNIC-ACID
- cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Candidicide — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Capillariprotective — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Carcinogenic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN
- Catabolic — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- COMP-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, MYRICETIN
- COX-2-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, SALICYLIC-ACID
- Cyclooxygenase-Activator — 2 compounds; AVICULARIN, QUERCITRIN
- Cytotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Detoxicant — 2 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCITRIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Emetic — 2 compounds; CALCIUM-OXALATE, TANNIC-ACID
- Hepatomagenic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- Hypocholesterolemic — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, RUTIN
- Immunostimulant — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, TANNIC-ACID
- Insectiphile — 2 compounds; QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Juvabional — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, RUTIN
- MAO-A-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; QUERCETIN, QUERCITRIN
- Metal-Chelator (Copper) — 2 compounds; DELPHINIDIN, QUERCETIN
- NO-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; DELPHINIDIN, QUERCETIN
- Quinone-Reductase-Inducer — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; MYRICETIN, QUERCETIN
- Vasopressor — 2 compounds; QUERCITRIN, RUTIN
- Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; CATECHIN, QUERCETIN
- 11B-HSD-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- 5-HT-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- ACE-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Antiaflatoxin — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiaging — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antialcoholic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antiallergenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MYRICETIN
- Antialzheimeran — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antianacarditic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antianaphylactic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiangiogenic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiapoplectic — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antiarrhythmic — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Antiasthmatic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiatherogenic — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antibiotic — 1 compounds; AVICULARIN
- Anticancer — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Anticapillary-Fragility — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Anticarcinomic (Breast) — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN
- Anticlastogen — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Anticomplementary — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Anticonvulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; RUTIN
- AntiCrohn's — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- AntiCVI — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Anticystitic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antidandruff — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antidecubitic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antidementia — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antidepressant — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antidiarrheic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antidote — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antidysenteric — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antieczemic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antielastase — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiendotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; CATECHIN
- Antienteritic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antierythemic — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antiescherichic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiestrogenic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antifibrosarcomic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antigargantitic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antiglaucomic — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antigonadotrophic — 1 compounds; MYRICETIN
- Antigonadotropic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- AntiGTF — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antihematuric — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antihemorrhagic — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Antihepatitic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antihydrophobic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antihyperlipidemic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antiichthyosic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiischemic — 1 compounds; HYPERIN
- Antileishmanic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antileukotriene — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antimyocarditic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antinephritic — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antineuralgic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiobesity — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antioncychomycotic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiophidic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antiosteotic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antipancreatitic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiperiodic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antiperiodontic — 1 compounds; MYRICETIN
- Antiperistaltic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antipermeability — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiplasmodial — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiplatelet — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- AntiPMS — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antipodagric — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antipodriac — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiprostaglandin — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antiprostanoid — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiprostatitic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antiprotozoal — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antipyretic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antirheumatic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antirhinitic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antisclerodermic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Antiseborrheic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antistaphylococcic — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Antistomatitic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antistreptococcic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antisunburn — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antithiamin — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antithrombic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antithyroid — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Antitonsilitic — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Antitumor (Bladder) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitumor (Breast) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitumor (Colon) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitumor (Lung) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitumor (Ovary) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitumor (Skin) — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Antitussive — 1 compounds; HYPERIN
- Antitympanitic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Antivaricose — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- ATPase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Bacteristat — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Bradycardiac — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Calmodulin-Antagonist — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Capillarifortificant — 1 compounds; HYPERIN
- Capillarigenic — 1 compounds; HYPERIN
- Cardiotonic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCITRIN
- Chemopreventive — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Choleretic — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- CNS-Depressant — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Comedolytic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- COMT-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Copper-Chelator — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- COX-1-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Cytoprotective — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Deiodinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Dermatitigenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Diaphoretic? — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Differentiator — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Dye — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Estrogenic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Estrogenic? — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- FLavor — 1 compounds; TANNIC-ACID
- Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Hepatotonic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCITRIN
- Hepatotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TANNIC-ACID
- HIV-RT-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Immunomodulator — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Inflammatory — 1 compounds; CALCIUM-OXALATE
- iNOS-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Inotropic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Insecticide — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Insectifuge — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Insulinogenic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Keratolytic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Laxative — 1 compounds; CALCIUM-OXALATE
- Lithogenic — 1 compounds; CALCIUM-OXALATE
- MAO-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCITRIN
- Mast-Cell-Stabilizer — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- MMP-9-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Myoprotective — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Myorelaxant — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- NEP-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Neuroprotective — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN
- NF-kB-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- NO-Synthase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Oviposition-Stimulant — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Oxidase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; MYRICETIN
- P450-Inducer — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- P450-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- PAF-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Paralytic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCITRIN
- PGE2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Phospholipase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Pigment — 1 compounds; DELPHINIDIN
- Plasmodicide — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Proliferant — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Prooxidant — 1 compounds; DELPHINIDIN
- Propecic — 1 compounds; CATECHIN
- Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Protisticide — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- PTK-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Radioprotective — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Sunscreen — 1 compounds; RUTIN
- Teratologic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; QUERCETIN
- Thermogenic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Tineacide — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- Tissue-Thromboplastin-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; AVICULARIN
- TNF-alpha-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Tumorigenic — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Tyrosinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
- Ulcerogenic — 1 compounds; SALICYLIC-ACID
- VEGF-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; QUERCETIN
Toxic compounds
- CATECHIN — Antiendotoxic; Plant
- CATECHIN — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
- CATECHIN — Carcinogenic; Plant
- CATECHIN — Hepatoprotective; Plant
- DELPHINIDIN — Allergenic; Plant
- HYPERIN — Hepatoprotective; Plant; IC80=30 ug/ml
- MYRICETIN — Antiallergenic; Plant
- MYRICETIN — Antimutagenic; Plant; ID50=2-5 nM
- MYRICETIN — Mutagenic; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Allergenic; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Anticarcinomic (Breast); Plant; IC50=1.5 uM
- QUERCETIN — Antidermatitic; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Antimutagenic; Plant; ID50=2-5 nM
- QUERCETIN — Carcinogenic; Plant; 40,000 ppm (diet) mus
- QUERCETIN — Cytotoxic; Plant; ED50=70 ug/ml
- QUERCETIN — Hepatomagenic; Plant; 5,000 ppm (diet) rat
- QUERCETIN — Hepatoprotective; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Mutagenic; Plant
- QUERCETIN — Neuroprotective; Plant; 5-25 uM
- QUERCETIN — Teratologic; Plant
- QUERCITRIN — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
- QUERCITRIN — Antimutagenic; Plant; ID50=2-5 nM
- QUERCITRIN — Cardiotonic; Plant
- QUERCITRIN — Detoxicant; Plant
- QUERCITRIN — Hepatotonic; Plant
- QUERCITRIN — Paralytic; Plant
- RUTIN — Anticonvulsant; Plant
- RUTIN — Antidermatitic; Plant
- RUTIN — Antihepatotoxic; Plant
- RUTIN — Antimutagenic; Plant; ID50=2-5 nM
- RUTIN — Hepatomagenic; Plant; 20,000 ppm (diet) rat
- RUTIN — Hepatoprotective; Plant; 20 mg/kg rat
- RUTIN — Mutagenic; Plant
- SALICYLIC-ACID — Dermatitigenic; Plant
- TANNIC-ACID — Allergenic; Plant
- TANNIC-ACID — Antimutagenic; Plant
- TANNIC-ACID — Cytotoxic; Plant; 15 ug
- TANNIC-ACID — Detoxicant; Plant
- TANNIC-ACID — Hepatotoxic; Plant