Tsuga canadensis (Eastern Hemlock)

Traditional uses

US(Appalachia)

• Astringent
• Diaphoretic
• Medicine

US(Amerindian)

• Cough
• Flu
• Sore
• Sudorific
• Swelling
• Cold
• Tea

US(Settlers)

• Scurvy

Nc

• Tumor

US

• Vesicant

Chemicals

Branches

• L-BORNEOL
• L-BORNYL-ACETATE
• L-CAMPHENE
• KAEMPFEROL
• L-LIMONENE
• ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
• PINITOL
• CADINENE
• MYRCENE — 104 to 120
• L-ALPHA-PINENE
• EO — 4000 to 4600
• THUJONE

Wood

• GALACTOGLUCOMANNOGLYCAN
• GALACTOGLUCOMANNAN

Bark

• PICEATANNOL — 8000 to 10000
• TANNIN — 100000 to 150500
• BETULIN

Leaf

• TANNIN — 15000
• BETULIN

Root Bark

• TANNIN — 245000

Twig

• BETULIN

Activities

1. Pesticide — 8 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, CADINENE, KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, PICEATANNOL, PINITOL, TANNIN, THUJONE
2. Antibacterial — 5 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, TANNIN, THUJONE
3. Antioxidant — 4 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, PICEATANNOL, TANNIN
4. Fungicide — 4 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, PICEATANNOL
5. Perfumery — 4 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, CADINENE, MYRCENE, THUJONE
6. Antifeedant — 3 compounds; BETULIN, CADINENE, PINITOL
7. Antimutagenic — 3 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, TANNIN
8. Antispasmodic — 3 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE, THUJONE
9. Antitumor — 3 compounds; BETULIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
10. Antiviral — 3 compounds; BETULIN, KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
11. FLavor — 3 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, CADINENE, MYRCENE
12. Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, MYRCENE
13. Anthelmintic — 2 compounds; TANNIN, THUJONE
14. Anticancer — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
15. AntiHIV — 2 compounds; BETULIN, TANNIN
16. Antiinflammatory — 2 compounds; BETULIN, KAEMPFEROL
17. Antileukemic — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, PICEATANNOL
18. Antiradicular — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
19. Antiseptic — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, THUJONE
20. Antistaphylococcic — 2 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, KAEMPFEROL
21. Antitumor-Promoter — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
22. Antiulcer — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
23. Cancer-Preventive — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
24. Carcinogenic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
25. Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
26. Cytotoxic — 2 compounds; toxic activity; BETULIN, KAEMPFEROL
27. Hepatoprotective — 2 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
28. Insectifuge — 2 compounds; MYRCENE, PINITOL
29. Irritant — 2 compounds; toxic activity; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE, MYRCENE
30. Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
31. MAO-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; KAEMPFEROL, TANNIN
32. Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor — 2 compounds; BETULIN, KAEMPFEROL
33. 11B-HSD-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
34. 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
35. Abortifacient — 1 compounds; toxic activity; THUJONE
36. ACE-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
37. Allelopathic — 1 compounds; PICEATANNOL
38. Allergenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MYRCENE
39. Analgesic — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
40. Antiacetylcholinesterase — 1 compounds; L-LIMONENE
41. Antiaflatoxin — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
42. Antiaggregant — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
43. Antiallergic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
44. Anticarcinomic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; BETULIN
45. Anticariogenic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
46. Anticonvulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; MYRCENE
47. Antidiabetic — 1 compounds; PINITOL
48. Antidiarrheic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
49. Antidysenteric — 1 compounds; TANNIN
50. Antifertility — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
51. Antiflu — 1 compounds; BETULIN
52. Antigingivitic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
53. Antihepatotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; TANNIN
54. Antiherpetic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
55. Antihistaminic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
56. Antihypertensive — 1 compounds; TANNIN
57. Antiimplantation — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
58. Antilipolytic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
59. Antilymphocytic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
60. Antinephritic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
61. Antinitrosaminic — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
62. Antinociceptive — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
63. Antiophidic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
64. Antiperiodontic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
65. Antiplaque — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
66. Antirenitic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
67. Antiserotonin — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
68. Aphidifuge — 1 compounds; BETULIN
69. Apoptotic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
70. Aromatase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
71. Artemicide — 1 compounds; PICEATANNOL
72. cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
73. Cerebrodepressant — 1 compounds; THUJONE
74. Chelator — 1 compounds; TANNIN
75. Chemopreventive — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
76. Choleretic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
77. Convulsant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; THUJONE
78. Copper-Chelator — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
79. Counterirritant — 1 compounds; toxic activity; THUJONE
80. COX-2-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
81. Dermal — 1 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
82. Diaphoretic? — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
83. Diuretic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
84. Emetic — 1 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
85. Emmenagogue — 1 compounds; THUJONE
86. Epileptigenic — 1 compounds; THUJONE
87. Estrogenic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
88. Expectorant — 1 compounds; PINITOL
89. Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TANNIN
90. Hallucinogenic — 1 compounds; THUJONE
91. Herbicide — 1 compounds; THUJONE
92. HIV-RT-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
93. Hypolipemic — 1 compounds; BETULIN
94. Hypotensive — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
95. Hypothermic — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
96. ICAM-1-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
97. Immunosuppressant — 1 compounds; TANNIN
98. iNOS-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
99. Inotropic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
100. Insectiphile — 1 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
101. Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
102. JNK-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
103. Laxative — 1 compounds; ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE
104. Mutagenic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL
105. Myorelaxant — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
106. Natriuretic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
107. Neuroprotective — 1 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL
108. Neurotoxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; THUJONE
109. NO-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
110. Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TANNIN
111. P450-2B1-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; MYRCENE
112. PAF-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
113. Phytoalexin — 1 compounds; PICEATANNOL
114. Piscicide — 1 compounds; PICEATANNOL
115. Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; BETULIN
116. Protisticide — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
117. Psychotropic — 1 compounds; TANNIN
118. Quinone-Reductase-Inducer — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
119. Respirainhibitor — 1 compounds; THUJONE
120. Teratologic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; KAEMPFEROL
121. TNF-alpha-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
122. Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
123. Toxic — 1 compounds; toxic activity; THUJONE
124. Tyrosinase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
125. Uterotrophic — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
126. Vasodilator — 1 compounds; KAEMPFEROL
127. Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor — 1 compounds; TANNIN

Toxic compounds

• ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE — Irritant; Branches
• BETULIN — Anticarcinomic; Bark
• BETULIN — Anticarcinomic; Leaf
• BETULIN — Anticarcinomic; Twig
• BETULIN — Cytotoxic; Bark; 600 ppm
• BETULIN — Cytotoxic; Leaf; 600 ppm
• BETULIN — Cytotoxic; Twig; 600 ppm
• KAEMPFEROL — Antimutagenic; Branches; ID50=10-40 nM
• KAEMPFEROL — Carcinogenic; Branches
• KAEMPFEROL — Cytotoxic; Branches
• KAEMPFEROL — Hepatoprotective; Branches; IC50=5.46 uM
• KAEMPFEROL — Mutagenic; Branches
• KAEMPFEROL — Neuroprotective; Branches
• KAEMPFEROL — Teratologic; Branches
• MYRCENE — Allergenic; Branches
• MYRCENE — Anticonvulsant; Branches
• MYRCENE — Antimutagenic; Branches
• MYRCENE — Irritant; Branches
• TANNIN — Antihepatotoxic; Bark
• TANNIN — Antihepatotoxic; Leaf
• TANNIN — Antihepatotoxic; Root Bark
• TANNIN — Antimutagenic; Bark
• TANNIN — Antimutagenic; Leaf
• TANNIN — Antimutagenic; Root Bark
• TANNIN — Carcinogenic; Bark
• TANNIN — Carcinogenic; Leaf
• TANNIN — Carcinogenic; Root Bark
• TANNIN — Hepatoprotective; Bark
• TANNIN — Hepatoprotective; Leaf
• TANNIN — Hepatoprotective; Root Bark
• THUJONE — Abortifacient; Branches
• THUJONE — Convulsant; Branches; 40 mg/kg
• THUJONE — Counterirritant; Branches
• THUJONE — Neurotoxic; Branches
• THUJONE — Toxic; Branches